government: Costitutional monarchy

state of civil and political rights: Not free

constitution: 14 February 2002; amended 2012, 2017

legal system: mixed legal system of Islamic (sharia) law, English common law, Egyptian civil, criminal, and commercial codes; customary law; has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration

legislative system: bicameral legislature consists of the Consultative Council and the Council of Representatives (Chamber of Deputies)

judicial system: Court of Cassation (consists of the chairman and 3 judges); Supreme Court of Appeal (consists of the chairman and 3 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the president and 6 members); High Sharia Court of Appeal (court sittings include the president and at least one judge); Civil High Courts of Appeal; middle and lower civil courts; High Sharia Court of Appeal; Senior Sharia Court; Administrative Courts of Appeal; military courts

religion: Muslim 73.7%, Christian 9.3%, Jewish 0.1%, other 16.9% (2017 est.)

death row: 23 (July, 27 2019, according to Reprieve)

year of last executions: 0-7-2010

death sentences: 0

executions: 0