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USA: REPORT, DETERRENCE IS BASED ON CERTAINTY OF APPREHENSION, NOT SEVERITY OF PUNISHMENT

December 13, 2017:

The certainty of apprehension, not the severity of punishment, is more effective as a deterrent. So argues Daniel S. Nagin, one of the nation’s foremost scholars on deterrence and criminal justice policy, in his chapter on Deterrence in the recently released Academy for Justice four-volume study, Reforming Criminal Justice.
Reviewing deterrence scholarship since the 1960s and five leading studies from the past two decades, Dr. Nagin concludes that evidence supporting a deterrent effect from "the certainty of punishment is far more convincing and consistent than for the severity of punishment."
Moreover, he writes, "the certainty of apprehension, and not the severity of the ensuing legal consequence, is the more effective deterrent." Dr. Nagin is the Teresa and H. John Heinz III University Professor of Public Policy and Statistics at Carnegie Mellon’s Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy and previously chaired the Committee on Deterrence and the Death Penalty for the National Research Council of the National Academies of Science (NAS). In that capacity, he served as co-editor of the 2012 National Academies report, Deterrence and the Death Penalty. Nagin explains in his Academy for Justice chapter that although "certainty must result in a distasteful consequence" for the punishment to be a deterrent, "the consequences need not be draconian, just sufficiently costly, to deter the prohibited behavior." In making policy judgments about the justification for increasingly severe sanctions, he says, "the deterrent return to increasing an already long sentence appears to be small, possibly zero." The 2012 NAS Committee found that "research to date on the effect of capital punishment on homicide is not informative about whether capital punishment decreases, increases, or has no effect on homicide rates" and recommended that those deterrent studies "not be used to inform deliberations requiring judgments about the effect of the death penalty on homicide."
A February 2015 study by the Brennan Center for Justice of the dramatic drop in crime in the U.S. in the 1990s and 2000s found that the death penalty had no effect on the decline in crime.

(Source: DPIC, 13/12/2017)

TANZANIA: MAGUFULI GRANTS PRESIDENTIAL AMNESTY TO 61 DEATH ROW INMATES
IRAQ: DIYALA COURT SENTENCES IS MEMBER TO DEATH OVER ASSISTING SUICIDE ATTACKERS IN BLASTS
EGYPT HANGS 15 OVER ATTACKS ON SECURITY FORCES: OFFICIALS
IRAN: SUPREME COURT APPROVES RESEARCHER'S DEATH PENALTY FOR SPYING
BAHRAIN: SIX SENTENCED TO DEATH OVER ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT, TERROR ATTACKS
JORDAN: MAN SENTENCED TO DEATH FOR DOUBLE MURDER
IRAN: MAN HANGED AFTER BEING 20 YEARS ON DEATH ROW
INDONESIA COURT COMMUTES DEATH PENALTY FOR EX-PRIEST
ILLINOIS (USA): GABRIEL SOLACHE EXONERATED
MALAYSIA: TWO NIGERIAN STUDENTS SENTENCED TO DEATH FOR DRUGS TRAFFICKING
IRAN: EIGHT INMATES EXECUTED AT RAJAII SHAHR PRISON OF KARAJ
VIRGINIA (USA): JOSEPH GIARRATANO LEAVES THE PRISON
SOMALIA: ALSHABAAB BEHEADS THREE PEOPLE IN BAKOL REGION
ARIZONA ENDS DEATH-ROW SOLITARY CONFINEMENT
JAPAN HANGS 2 INMATES; FIRST EXECUTIONS SINCE JULY
IRAN: ANOTHER WOMEN SENTENCED TO DEATH FOR ADULTERY IN TEHRAN
CHINA: THOUSANDS WATCH AS 10 PEOPLE SENTENCED TO DEATH IN SPORT STADIUM
THE DECADE OF THE UN MORATORIUM ON EXECUTIONS
EGYPT: MILITARY COURT ISSUES 14 DEATH SENTENCES
GENERAL MOTION OF THE 7TH CONGRESS OF HANDS OFF CAIN
KURDISH PARLIAMENT ISSUES AMNESTY: CONVICTS ON DEATH ROW GET 15 YEARS IN PRISON
DPIC 2017 YEAR END REPORT: DEATH SENTENCES, EXECUTIONS AT NEAR-HISTORIC LOWS
KENYA: MANDATORY DEATH SENTENCE NOW UNCONSTITUTIONAL
IRAQ HANGS 38 SUNNI MILITANTS IN MASS EXECUTION: JUSTICE MINISTRY
IRAN: TWO PRISONERS HANGED FOR MURDER
EGYPT: COURT UPHOLDS DEATH SENTENCE AGAINST 3 FOR KILLING JUDGE’S SON
ARKANSAS (USA): FORMER DEATH ROW INMATE TIMOTHY HOWARD RELEASED
IRAN: HANDS OFF CAIN, APPEAL TO GOVERNMENT TO STOP THE EXECUTION OF DJALALI
VIETNAM: THREE PEOPLE RECEIVE DEATH SENTENCES FOR DRUG TRAFFICKING
IRAN: PUBLIC HANGING IN ISFAHAN

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